Monoclonal antiphosphophatidylserine antibody reactivity against human first-trimester placental trophoblasts

Article Abstract:

Antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLs) against phosphatidylserine-dependent antibodies damage first-trimester placenta, resulting in loss of the pregnancy. Researchers tested three mouse aPLs against first-trimester human placenta, and found that aPLs bind to the cellular location of phosphatidylserine in the normal human placenta. Although aPLs are associated with the formation of blood clots, or thrombosis, the damage caused by aPLs in the human placenta did not appear to be a result of thrombosis. aPLs were tested against first-trimester placenta because most pregnancy losses, high blood pressure, or reduced growth occur in the first and second trimesters. aPLs may damage the trophoblastic layer of first-trimester placenta, causing the placenta to malfunction.

Placenta, Monoclonal antibodies, Miscarriage, Trophoblast, Trophoblasts

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A model for the antiphospholipid antibody syndrome: monoclonal antiphosphatidylserine antibody induces intrauterine growth restriction in mice

Article Abstract:

Antiphospholipid antibodies against phosphatidylserine but not against cardiolipin may restrict fetal and placental growth in mice. Antiphospholipid antibodies are associated with miscarriages in humans. Researchers injected pregnant mice with three different antiphospholipid antibodies to evaluate their effects. The antibody against phosphatidylserine restricted the growth of both fetuses and placentas, but affected fetal weights more than placental weights. The antibodies against both phosphatidylserine and cardiolipin and against cardiolipin alone did not restrict fetal or placental growth. The antibody against phosphatidylserine may have influenced intrauterine growth because it works on the cell surface rather than within the cell.

Fetus, Fetal growth retardation, Cardiolipin

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Bcl-2 and Fas expression in eutopic and ectopic human endometrium during the menstrual cycle in relation to endometrial cell apoptosis

Article Abstract:

The expression of two proteins known as Bcl-2 and Fas may not be associated with endometrial cell death. The endometrium is the inner layer of the human uterus. Researchers obtained endometrial tissue from inside and outside the uterus of 29 women with endometriosis and from inside the uterus of nine women with benign uterine tumors. Endometrial cells showed high levels of Bcl-2 which changed throughout the menstrual cycle. Extrauterine tissue did not show such changes in Bcl-2 expression. These findings indicate differences in how endometrial tissue inside and outside the uterus grows and differentiates.

Cell death, Endometriosis, Endometrium

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