Myeloid growth factor(s) regulation of ornithine decarboxylase: effects of antiproliferative signals interferon-gamma and c-AMP

Article Abstract:

A regulatory enzyme, ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), is an important element in the formation of large molecules within living systems. ODC is formed in the cell cytoplasm under direction of the cell's genetic information by the production of messenger RNA which acts as a template for the cellular machinery to form this protein enzyme. An experiment was devised to clarify the role of colony stimulating factors (CSF) and similar factors (interleukin, GM-CSF) in inducing the formation of the specific messenger RNA needed to produce ODC, and with the actual levels of messenger RNA and ODC. Ten minutes after stimulation by CSF, the level of ODC activation rises. This rapid response does not require the production of new messenger RNA or ODC. Following this early phase, however, an extended period of synthesis does occur. The response could be blocked by various known substances which inhibit proliferation. It is now known that the ODC gene protein system is an important enzyme in the stimulation of bone marrow cells and is the biochemical site of action of various proliferative and antiproliferative agents.

Dosage and administration, Interferon, Cyclic adenylic acid, Cyclic adenosine monophosphate, Colony-stimulating factors (Physiology), Colony-stimulating factors, Ornithine decarboxylase

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Human interleukin-5 (IL-5) regulates the production of eosinophils in human bone marrow cultures: comparison and interaction with IL-1, IL-3, IL-6, and GMCSF

Article Abstract:

Cytokines, or chemical factors produced by various white blood cells to mediate the behavior and reproduction of other white blood cells, can be synthesized by both human and animal cells in tissue culture by means of experimentally-induced genetic changes. An experiment was done to explore the biologic value of using various cytokines to stimulate human bone marrow growth. Human recombinant interleukin-5 (rhIL-5) was seen to stimulate the production of eosinophil, a type of white blood cell, without increasing the rate of production of other classes of white blood cells. IL-5 derived from mice, a slightly different form of IL-3, and recombinant human GMCSF all produced effects similar to human recombinant IL-5. The experiments suggest that the rhIL-5 may have a direct effect on a small subpopulation of the marrow, but may influence more individual developmental steps than the other cytokines.

Health aspects, Case studies, Bone marrow, Cytology, Hematopoiesis, Cytokines, Eosinophils

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Interleukin-1 beta rather than lymphotoxin as the major bone resorbing activity in human multiple myeloma

Article Abstract:

Bone marrow drawn from patients with myeloma, cancers of the bone marrow affecting the blood cells responsible for the production of immunoglobulin (antibodies), was purified and placed in tissue culture. Each of these patients suffered significant bone destruction as a result of the disease. Samples drawn from the fluids in which the cells grew were able to destroy bone; they also revealed interleukin-1 (IL-1) activity. IL-1 is a natural cell growth promoting factor produced by some white blood cells. When the cultures were treated with an antibody which reacts with interleukin, the bone destructive qualities of the supernatant disappeared. Thus, it was shown that the bone destructive quality of the myeloma cells was produced by IL-1.

Bone resorption, Multiple myeloma

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