Naltrexone for alcohol dependence

Article Abstract:

The US Food and Drug Administration has recently approved naltrexone for treating alcohol dependence. Naltrexone has been in use as an opioid antagonist, most typically to help former narcotic addicts stay drug-free. Naltrexone blocks the euphoria of opioids and may reduce the pleasure of drinking alcohol. Study participants on naltrexone reported feeling less stimulated and more sedated after heavy drinking. Naltrexone and counseling seemed most effective in producing abstinence, less alcohol craving, and fewer relapses. Naltrexone effects last 24 hours or more without altering mental alertness. There are common side effects, such as nausea, dizziness, headache, and weight loss. Patients with heroin or other opiate dependency may experience serious withdrawal symptoms while taking naltrexone. Daily dosage recommendations of 50 milligrams can be halved at first to minimize side effects. Patients will pay approximately $5 per day for naltrexone therapy.

Evaluation, Drugs, Testing, Drug therapy, Naltrexone

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Management of alcohol withdrawal: two viewpoints

Article Abstract:

Two physicians challenge the treatment of delirium tremens described in a 1995 study. Particularly controversial approaches are the use of haloperidol for the treatment of agitation and the use of intravenous magnesium and beta-adrenergic antagonists. Flumenazil therapy for respiratory depression is questionable, whereas diazepam is preferred over lorazepam for initial withdrawal symptoms. One of the authors responds to these comments.

Care and treatment, Delirium tremens, Alcohol withdrawal delirium

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Alcohol and social change

Article Abstract:

Social change in Africa has contributed to the increase in alcohol consumption. These include access to beverages previously denied by colonizers, presence of foreign-owned breweries as well as beer-making in households.

Social aspects, Africa

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