Invasive Haemophilus influenzae Disease in Alaskan Residents Aged 10 Years and Older Before and After Infant Vaccination Programs

Article Abstract:

The introduction of childhood vaccination against Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) in Alaska in 1991 has resulted in a 33% decrease in Hib infections among teenagers and adults who were never vaccinated. This probably occurred because children who were vaccinated no longer transmitted the bacterium to other people. However, there has been an increase in the number of infections caused by other types of Haemophilus influenzae.

Statistical Data Included, Statistics, Children, Vaccination of children, Vaccination, Hemophilus infections

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Invasive pneumococcal disease in an Alaska native population, 1980 through 1986

Article Abstract:

Between 1980 and 1986, 114 Alaskan Native Americans from the Yukon-Kuskowin Delta region acquired a pneumococcal disease from other members of the community. Pneumococcal diseases are caused by the same bacteria that cause pneumonia. The annual rates of bacteremia (bacteria in the blood) per 100,000 population were 105 cases overall, 1,195 cases for infants under two years of age and 130 cases for adults over 59 years of age. These rates are six to 34 times those in other US populations. The most common underlying conditions were anemia and pneumonia in infants under two years of age, and anemia and alcoholism in adults. The death rate was 3.2 percent for infants under two and 30 percent for adults over 59 years of age. Ninety-six percent of the infecting microorganisms were of strains susceptible to the currently available vaccine. These estimates of pneumococcal disease rates are likely to be too low, since most cases in this region are treated at the village levels without laboratory involvement.

Case studies, Meningitis, Pneumonia, Bacteremia, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Pneumonia, Pneumococcal, Pneumococcal pneumonia, Yukon

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Pervasive occult gastrointestinal bleeding in an Alaska native population with prevalent iron deficiency: role of Helicobacter pylori gastritis

Article Abstract:

Chronic gastrointestinal infection with the bacterium Helicobacter pylori may be responsible for the chronic iron deficiency seen in many Alaska natives. Researchers studying the Yupik eskimos found that many had anemia even though their diet is rich in iron. In a detailed study of 140 adults, 90% had blood in their stool. Among 70 who had endoscopy, 97% had evidence of severe Helicobacter pylori infection that caused ulcers and hemorrhages. They also had evidence of gastritis, which is an inflammation of the stomach. This could account for their gastrointestinal bleeding.

Causes of, Risk factors, Gastrointestinal bleeding, Gastrointestinal hemorrhage, Native Americans, Native North Americans, Helicobacter infections, Iron deficiency anemia

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