Progress toward poliomyelitis eradication - India

Article Abstract:

It may be possible to completely eradicate polio worldwide by the year 2000. Between 1994 and 1996, India was one of seven countries in the South East Asia Region to begin national immunization days (NIDs). During NIDs, health care workers attempt to vaccinate as many children as possible in a single day. India may have set a record for NIDs when 93 million children received their second dose of oral polio vaccine on January 20, 1996. Eighty-eight million had received their first dose on December 9, 1995. Ninety percent were under the age of three and all 32 states covered more than 90% of children in this age group. However, up to 12% of all polio cases in India occur in children four years or older. Consequently, future NIDs will attempt to vaccinate all children under five, which will cover 125 million children. India's 1995-96 NIDs cost $30.3 million. The number of countries implementing NIDs has increased from 17 to 62 since 1988.

Children, Social policy, India, Immunization of children, Immunization

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Progress toward poliomyelitis eradication - Europe and Central Asian republics, 1991-September 1997

Article Abstract:

Much progress has been made in halting the spread of poliovirus in Europe and the Central Asia Republics. Although many areas of the former Soviet Union had high rates of polio, widespread mass vaccination campaigns have virtually eliminated polio in many cases. Of the 51 member states in European/Central Asia region of the World Health Organization, 42 reported no polio cases at all in 1996. As of 1997, only Tajikistan has reported one case of polio. Up until 1997, half of the polio cases in these countries were spread from outside the area, particularly from India.

Statistics

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Progress Toward Poliomyelitis Eradication--Pakistan, 1994-1998

Article Abstract:

The government of Pakistan needs to focus additional resources on vaccination to eliminate polio. Polio remains endemic in Pakistan, with 1,147 cases, or 22% of all cases worldwide, reported in 1997. In 1994, Pakistan began having annual National Immunization Days (NIDs), but coverage rates were consistently below 95% of all eligible children. Nevertheless, the number of polio cases dropped 74% between 1997 and 1998. Wild poliovirus type 2 has not been isolated as of November 1998. More NIDs may be needed to completely eliminate polio from Pakistan.

Pakistan

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