Recent advances in pulmonary medicine, part 2

Article Abstract:

Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia is one of the most common respiratory complications of AIDS. It is usually treated with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole or pentamidine. Corticosteroids are used to reduce the inflammation associated with this type of pneumonia. Non-infectious diseases can also cause respiratory complications in AIDS patients. These diseases include Kaposi's sarcoma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and lymphocytic interstitial pneumonitis. The incidence of tuberculosis has increased since 1985 among AIDS patients, the homeless, the elderly, minorities, immigrants and prisoners. Tuberculosis patients are usually treated with combination chemotherapy for six to nine months. Adult respiratory distress syndrome has several different causes. Prevention or treatment of this disorder focuses on decreasing inflammation. Some patients with end-stage pulmonary disease may be treated with a lung transplant. The first successful lung transplants were performed in the early 1980s.

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A randomized trial of inhaled cyclosporine in lung-transplant recipients

Article Abstract:

A single-center, randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled trial of inhaled cyclosporine was conducted initiated within six weeks after transplantation and given in addition to systemic immunosuppression. The results suggested that inhaled cyclosporine did not improve the rate of acute rejection, though it did improve survival and extend periods of chronic rejection-free survival.

Science & research, Research, Cyclosporine, Cyclosporins, Immunosuppression

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Guiding aerosol deposition in the lung

Article Abstract:

The approach of direct delivery of aerosolized medication to the diseased lung is discussed. Treatment of an endobronchial or focal lesion is possible by influencing independent aerosol deposition of particle size and to noninvasively target specific locations within the lung.

United States, Complications and side effects, Lung, Dosage and administration, Structure, Aerosol therapy

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