Relation between plasma leptin levels and measures of body fat in identical twins discordant for obesity

Article Abstract:

There does not seem to be a genetic basis for the production of a food-regulating protein called leptin in obese patients. Leptin regulation may, however, be affected by the presence of abdominal fat, particularly in men. Leptin levels and body fat distributions were compared in 23 pairs of identical twins who had a greater than 18 kilogram difference in body weight. The obese twins had three times higher leptin levels than the lighter twins. Obese twins with higher levels of abdominal fat had 3.7 times higher leptin levels than their siblings while those with less abdominal fat had only 2.1 times higher leptin levels.

Measurement, Physiological aspects, Genetic aspects, Obesity, Leptin, Fat metabolism, Twins

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Care of patients undergoing hemodialysis

Article Abstract:

The care of hemodialysis patients involves many special considerations. They must receive an adequate duration of treatment. A surgically created arteriovenous fistula is more effective than polytetrafluoroethylene grafts. Most people with end-stage kidney disease are malnourished and the strict diets provided in the past are not necessary. Hemodialysis patients may develop coronary artery disease, congestive heart failure or hypertension. They often develop anemia, infections, infertility, gastrointestinal disorders and neurologic disorders.

Care and treatment, Chronic kidney failure, Hemodialysis patients

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