Rice solution and World Health Organization solution by gastric infusion for high stool output diarrhea

Article Abstract:

Dehydration, or the excessive loss of body fluids, may result from diarrhea and can be effectively treated by oral rehydration therapy (ORT), in which fluids are given through the mouth to restore the depleted volume of body fluids. ORT given for four to six hours, as recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO), was shown to be effective in 90 percent of patients with diarrhea-related dehydration. However, ORT is less effective in treating dehydration associated with diarrhea containing large amounts of stool, or high stool output diarrhea. Dehydration associated with high stool output diarrhea can be managed by administering fluids intravenously or through a nasogastric tube, which is inserted through the nose into the stomach. Studies show that the breakdown of starch contained in rice results in certain products that increase the absorption of water in the intestine; these include amylose, amylopectin, amino acids, dipeptides, and short-chain oligosaccharides. Oral rice solutions have been beneficial in children with dehydration associated with high stool output diarrhea. The effectiveness of a rice flour solution in treating dehydration was compared with that of the WHO formula given orally or by a nasogastric tube. Sixty-six children, aged 1 to 18 months, with high stool output diarrhea were given either the rice flour solution orally, the WHO formula through a nasogastric tube, or the WHO solution orally. Although the production of stool decreased in all children, the greatest reduction was observed in children given the rice flour solution. Rehydration was achieved in all patients given the rice flour solution, 73 percent of children who received the WHO solution through a nasogastric tube, and 69 percent of children given the WHO solution orally. These findings show that the rice flour solution is effective in children who require treatment for dehydration associated with high stool output diarrhea. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)

Health aspects, Care and treatment, Evaluation, Causes of, Complications and side effects, Rice, Dehydration (Physiology), Diarrhea in children, Oral rehydration therapy, Childhood diarrhea

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Soy-polysaccharide fiber: effect on diarrhea in tube-fed, head-injured patients

Article Abstract:

Tube-feeding is a method of delivering a liquid diet to patients who cannot eat because of illness or injury. A feeding tube is inserted through the nose and passed into the stomach; the liquid diet is then infused with the aid of a pump. Various products are available in cans that are nutritionally complete and ready-to-use. Diarrhea is a common and difficult side effect of tube-feeding, affecting approximately 40 percent of critically ill tube-fed patients. Patients with frequent diarrhea may become malnourished or dehydrated; management of diarrhea also requires much nursing time and is therefore costly. This study investigated whether a tube-feeding product that contains fiber would help prevent diarrhea. While fiber is often used to prevent constipation, in tube-fed patients it is thought that it can achieve the opposite. Fiber can normalize stool consistency and regulate the time it takes for food to pass through the intestine. Nine patients who had head injuries were given a tube-feeding product that contained soy-polysaccharide fiber (SPF). The SPF product did not affect incidence of diarrhea or significantly alter stool weight or consistency. The authors suggest that SPF tube-feedings might be beneficial for patients who are malnourished; the patients studied were all well-nourished.

Prevention, Diarrhea, Enteral feeding, Enteral nutrition, Tube feeding, Fiber in human nutrition, Dietary fiber

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An in vitro assessment of prefabricated fiber post systems

Article Abstract:

Research results of in-vitro assessment of four fiber-reinforced resin-based composite root canal posts are presented. Result is based on mechanical properties of these posts.

Science & research, Comparative analysis, Root canal therapy, Dental resins, America, Properties, Dental acrylic resins

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