Seroprevalence of antibody against poliovirus in inner-city preschool children: implications for vaccination policy in the United States

Article Abstract:

Many inner-city children appear to be adequately immunized against polio. Researchers measured antibodies to the oral polio vaccine (OPV) in blood samples from 224 inner-city children in Houston and 302 in Detroit. Approximately 80% of the children had antibodies against the three types of poliovirus by the time they were two years old and more than 90% had poliovirus antibodies by the time they were three or four years old. Half of the Detroit children and one-quarter of the Houston children had received three doses of polio vaccine by the time they were two years old. Ninety percent of these children had antibodies against the three types of poliovirus. Almost half of 113 unvaccinated children had antibodies against at least one type of poliovirus. These children acquired their immunity from contact with a vaccinated child. Given the high immunization rates in these children and the fact that OPV can cause paralysis, it seems reasonable to switch to using inactivated poliovaccine (IPV) for the first two doses.

Health aspects, Children, Demographic aspects, Poor children, Immunization of children, Immunization, Poliovirus vaccines

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Imported Wild Poliovirus Causing Poliomyelitis--Bulgaria, 2001. (From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)

Article Abstract:

An outbreak of polio among the Roma community in Bulgaria was probably caused by imported virus into a population that was not adequately vaccinated. Bulgaria promptly implemented a National Vaccination Day because the country had been free of polio since 1991.

Bulgaria, Diseases, Romanies

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Circulation of a Type 2 Vaccine-Derived Poliovirus--Egypt, 1982-1993

Article Abstract:

Type 2 poliovirus derived from the oral polio vaccine caused 32 cases of polio in Egypt between 1988 and 1993. Extensive vaccination can prevent polio cases by both the wild-type virus and any vaccine-derived virus.

Egypt

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