The associated anomalies that determine prognosis in congenital omphaloceles

Article Abstract:

Omphaloceles are defects of the fetal abdominal wall in which part of the bowel protrudes through the umbilicus; they occur at a rate of approximately 1 in every 4,000 to 5,000 live births. Large omphaloceles are associated with major congenital abnormalities; prenatal ultrasound diagnosis is invaluable in predicting the extent of damage and anticipating complications. To learn more regarding the complications that accompany this defect, the records from 28 infants born over a five-year period at one hospital were reviewed. Twelve omphaloceles were considered small (smaller than five centimeters in diameter), and 16 were considered giant (five centimeters or more). Three infants in each group were born prematurely. One death occurred in the group with small omphaloceles, for reasons unrelated to the defect. Mortality was considerably higher for infants with giant omphaloceles: 10 of 16 died. The anomalies associated with these giant defects are listed. Five infants had heart defects, three had diaphragmatic hernias (location of the abdominal contents in the chest cavity, following their movement through the diaphragm in development), and two had central nervous system abnormalities. The six survivors with giant defects did not have major malformations; one had trisomy 21 (Down syndrome). The results show that giant omphaloceles are associated with a poor prognosis; thus, prenatal diagnostic efforts should attempt to characterize such defects in any cases where their presence is suspected. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)

Prognosis, Hernia, Prenatal ultrasonography, Ultrasonics in obstetrics, Navel, Umbilical hernia

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Achondrogenesis type I diagnosed by transvaginal ultrasonography at 13 weeks' gestation

Article Abstract:

Achondrogenesis may be successfully diagnosed by ultrasound examination in the first trimester of pregnancy. Achondrogenesis is a fatal developmental defect characterized by very short limbs, lack of bone formation, and large head. A 34-year-old woman in her first trimester of pregnancy had an ultrasound examination because a previous pregnancy had received an ultrasound diagnosis of achondrogenesis in the second trimester of pregnancy two years earlier. The current ultrasound examination revealed a twin pregnancy, with one normal twin and one with achondrogenesis. The woman gave birth at 35 weeks of pregnancy to a healthy boy and to a stillborn girl. The girl was determined to have achondrogenesis, as correctly diagnosed by prenatal ultrasound examination.

Ultrasound imaging

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Congenital urogenital anomalies that are associated with the persistence of Gartner's duct: A review

Article Abstract:

The embryogenesis and management of congenital urogenital anomalies that are associated with ureteric ectopia and the persistence of Gartner's duct are discussed. The diagnosis and treatment of two adult women with congenital urethovaginal fistula that is associated with unilateral single ectopic ureter, renal agenesis and Gartner's duct anomaly are illustrated, where surgical repair of the urethrovaginal fistulae and removal of the Gartner's duct and cyst is performed transvaginally.

Care and treatment, Genitourinary organs, Urogenital abnormalities, Disease/Disorder overview

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