The interaction between regular exercise and selected aspects of women's health

Article Abstract:

Regular exercise throughout a woman's life may enhance her well-being at any age. Recreational sports alone probably do not disturb reproductive health aspects in youth and during pregnancy. Exercise is not likely to cause late onset of menstruation or changes in monthly cycles. Pronounced benefits are apparent during pregnancy with no difficulties at birth or while nursing. In addition, expectant women tend to sustain exercise injuries very rarely. Bone mass and skeletal health seem to be linked to exercise in youth and middle age. Some nursing mothers may need estrogen replacement therapy while exercising. While regular exercise produces better health, it fails to make up for low levels of estrogen at menopause. Instead, all exercise in later life should involve weights and perhaps target certain parts of the body. The overall protection against heart disease is difficult to establish since related health problems tend to start later among women.

Women, Women's fitness

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The effect of regular maternal exercise on erythropoietin in cord blood and amniotic fluid

Article Abstract:

Fetuses of women who engage in strenuous exercise throughout late pregnancy may not experience a lack of oxygen during times of exercise. Researchers compared levels of erythropoietin in the umbilical cord blood and amniotic fluid of fetuses of women who exercised throughout late pregnancy with fetuses of women who did not. Erythropoietin levels increase in the cord blood and amniotic fluid of fetuses who have not received enough oxygen. Fetuses of mothers who exercised did not experience increased shortages of oxygen during labor and delivery. Rather, their oxygen supply may have been greater than that of fetuses whose mothers did not exercise. Changes in the fetal heart rate in response to exercise may compensate for a small but insignificant loss of oxygen.

Causes of, Hypoxia, Anoxia, Erythropoietin

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Cardiovascular and metabolic responses to two receptor-selective opioid agonists in pregnant sheep

Article Abstract:

Drugs which selectively affect opioid receptors may provide pain relief in pregnant women with few adverse maternal or fetal effects. Researchers investigated the physiologic effects of the opioid peptides DALDA and DPDPE in pregnant sheep. DALDA, a drug which acts on mu-receptors and crosses the blood-brain barrier slowly, had minimal effects on breathing or behavior, and produced a temporary rise in blood pressure. DPDPE, acting on delta-receptors, produced sedation, decreased breathing, and a fall in fetal heart rate. Drugs acting on mu-receptors may be safer in obstetric patients.

Research, Complications and side effects, Opioids, Analgesics, Opioid receptors, Obstetrical pharmacology

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