Tissue plasminogen activator neurovascular toxicity is controlled by activated protein C
Article Abstract:
The tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) potentiates apoptosis in ischemic human brain endothelium and in mouse cortical neurons treated with N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA), which directly activates caspase-9 to caspase-3 without amplification through the Bid-mediated mitochondrial pathway is reported. Activated protein (APC) blocks tPA's neurovascular toxicity and may add substantially to the effectiveness of tPA therapy for stroke.
Publication Name: Nature Medicine
Subject: Health
ISSN: 1078-8956
Year: 2004
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Activate protein C inhibits tissue plasminogen activator-induced brain hemorrhage
Article Abstract:
An activated protein C (APC), a plasma serine protease with systemic anticoagulant, anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic activities and direct vasculoprotective activities blocks tissue plasminogen activator (tPA)-mediated brain hemorrhage after transient brain ischemia and embolic stroke in rodents. It is shown that APC, by reducing tPA-mediated hemorrhage, may improve thrombolytic therapy for strokes.
Publication Name: Nature Medicine
Subject: Health
ISSN: 1078-8956
Year: 2006
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Activated protein C blocks p53-mediated apoptosis in ischemic human brain endothelium and is neuroprotective
Article Abstract:
Research shows that the activated protein C protects the brain from ischemic injury by direct prevention of apoptosis in hypoxic human brain endothelium through tumor suppressor protein 53, normalization of the pro-apoptotic Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and by decreasing the caspace-3 signaling. Furthermore, low-dose activated protein C possesses neuroprotective effects in vivo.
Publication Name: Nature Medicine
Subject: Health
ISSN: 1078-8956
Year: 2003
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