Virologic and immunologic characterization of long-term survivors of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection

Article Abstract:

Long-term survivors of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) appear to have lower levels of HIV-1 and show stronger viral immune responses than those who show signs of immunodeficiency soon after becoming infected. People who are known to be HIV-1 positive but show little evidence of being immunocompromised for at least 10 years are known as long-term survivors. A study of 10 long-term survivors revealed that the amount of HIV-1 in their plasma was much lower than that of immunocompromised patients. Levels of HIV-1 in the peripheral-blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of these patients was also found to be relatively low, with 6 of the 10 showing no sign of infectious HIV in PBMC. Research suggested that the CD8+ lymphocytes of these patients had an unusually high ability to inhibit the growth of HIV-1 and their plasma samples revealed antibody responses directed against HIV-1.

Physiological aspects, CD8 lymphocytes, HIV seropositivity, HIV positive

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Killed but metabolically active microbes: A new vaccine paradigm for eliciting effector T-cell responses and protective immunity

Article Abstract:

Vaccine platforms based on whole organisms are derived for eliciting strong cellular immunity and retaining the safety profile of killed or subunit vaccines. Potent CD4 (super +) and CD8 (super +) T-cell responses are induced by recombinant psoralen-inactivated Lm deltauvrAB vaccines with the help of intracellular pathogen Listeria monocytogenes as a model platform.

Science & research, Listeria monocytogenes, Cellular immunity

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HIV-1 rebound after anti-retroviral therapy

Article Abstract:

Research presented concerns the causes of HIV-1 rebound after the use of anti-retroviral therapy. Factors that influence viral replication and genetic variations between rebounding viruses and latent reservoir viruses are studied.

Health aspects, Care and treatment, HIV infection, Drug therapy, HIV infections, HIV (Viruses), HIV, Genetic aspects, Highly active antiretroviral therapy

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