Why have Pneumocystis carinii trophozoites been ignored?

Article Abstract:

The life cycle of Pneumocystis carinii (PC) consists of both cyst and trophozoite stages. Both stages have been observed in infected lungs. The relative importance of the two phases have not been thoroughly investigated, but most investigations have focused on the cystic stage. Laboratory examination of infected tissue can clearly identify the uniformly sized and shaped, easily stained cysts. Trophozoites have many shapes, do not stain well, are difficult to visualize, and are best demonstrated by electron microscopy. This report reviews the roles of the trophozoite in Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP). Although trophozoites have been found to be more numerous in early cases of PCP, specific anti-trophozoite antibodies have not been prepared or evaluated as diagnostic tools. The author fails to answer the question raised in the title, except to conclude that further work on cyst and trophozoite antigens and other diagnostic procedures for the detection of this disease are necessary. The report opens with reference to another report that classifies Pneumocystis carinii as a fungus! (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)

Diagnosis, Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, Identification and classification, Pneumocystis carinii

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The perils of "x-ray vision": how radiographic images have historically influenced perception

Article Abstract:

Radiology has become universally accepted as an objective diagnostic instrument since the time of its discovery by Roentgen. Yet, the history of its gradual acceptance in medical practice shows it to be fallible in some respects. Furthermore, instead of reproducing objectively what the eye sees, it produces images with artificially sharp borders in unnatural planar configurations. Medical practitioners must know the limitations of diagnostic imaging, not confusing the great similarity of technogically derived images to reality with objectivity.

Evaluation, Radiography

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What we have here is a failure to communicate...

Article Abstract:

Communication within an organization is often the key to successfully managing the implementation of a large-scale information system (IS). While some factors could lead to a failed IS project, open communication between technicians, administrators, nurses and other hospital team members can facilitate reaching project goals. Involvement by a group of department or team leaders can also enhance working relationships.

Management, Business communication, Hospital information systems

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