Zinc deficiency: a public health problem?

Article Abstract:

Zinc is important in various biologic processes, including immune function, taste perception, adaptation of the eyes to the dark, wound healing, lipid metabolism, sexual function, and intellectual function. The need for zinc varies throughout life. Zinc deficiency results from the consumption of diets that are low in zinc-containing foods, such as red meat. Diets that are high in unrefined cereals with large proportions of phytate and dietary fibers may also contribute to zinc deficiency. Studies show that phytate can interfere with the use of zinc by tissues. The risk of zinc deficiency increases with decreasing economic resources and a diet that does not include a variety of foods. Cases of zinc deficiency were first reported among the poor of the Middle East almost three decades ago. It is now known that zinc deficiency occurs throughout the world in both industrialized and developing countries, and is common among children, adolescents, and pregnant women. Symptoms of zinc deficiency include delayed growth and development, complications of pregnancy, weakened immunity, inability to heal properly, skin rashes, and impaired nervous system and psychological function. Although the precise incidence of zinc deficiency is not known, diets resulting in zinc deficiency are common, suggesting that mild forms of zinc deficiency may be prevalent. An epidemiologic review of zinc deficiency is presented. The prevalence and risk factors of zinc deficiency require further study. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)

Risk factors, Demographic aspects, Public health, Diet in disease, Zinc deficiency diseases

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Salt consumption in Ancient Polynesia

Article Abstract:

Dietary patterns among ancient Polynesians were examined to determine the relationship between salt consumption and incidence of hypertension. Results revealed four sodium consumption patterns characterized by low to high sodium intakes. Both the Hawaiian and Tahitian patterns showed high sodium consumption while the Easter and New Zealand indicated moderate to low intakes, respectively. Despite these findings, incidence of hypertension was not established among these individuals. However, they have both the genetic and environmental predisposition to the disease.

Salt, Salt (Food), Polynesians

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Zinc for the common cold

Article Abstract:

Large doses of zinc gluconate lozenges for the treatment of the common cold are controversial at best. Doses above recommended allowances have not inhibited the shedding of rhinovirus in people and have produced symptom relief in some of the patients only. Adverse side effects include nausea, unpleasant taste, and reduced lymphocyte and low neutrophil counts. Zinc sulfate may cause pregnancy complications. The safety of zinc therapy needs to be clearly established.

Drug therapy, Cold (Disease), Common cold, Zinc compounds

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