From Raj to coalition culture

Article Abstract:

The 1996 general election in India resulted in the formation of a coalition government led by the Bharatiya Janata Party. The election results reflect a growing political pluralism in India that has resulted from the decline of the once dominant Congress-I Party. India's lower classes and a variety of other social groups have increased their political role, giving rise to politicians who are less polished, more populist and often anti-intellectual in outlook. This growing diversity of India's political culture increases the probability that multi-member coalition governments will become the norm.

Coalition governments, Pluralism

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India: the crisis of secularism

Article Abstract:

Increased cultural and social insecurity combined with an ambiguity in church-state relations characterized the 1980s in India, and the country is still in a state of flux. Government religious policy is free to discriminate due to a provision in the Indian constitution which seeks equality for all religions rather than a separation of church and state. The Bharatiya Janata Party has tried to exploit India's crisis of identity by espousing a Hindu nationalism, which would exacerbate the Hindu-Moslem conflict and have other adverse repercussions internationally.

Hindu-Muslim relations

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India: state elections, national implications

Article Abstract:

Minorities are no longer automatically voting for the Congress party in India. The Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) is emerging as a strong contender for minority, lower caste, and the moderate Hindu vote. Although the Congress Party is seen internationally as a stable advocate of open-door policies, Moslems and other minorities feel the party is not protecting them. The party has split, and its reversal of fortunes is being blamed on Prime Minister Narsimha Rao and the abandonment of Socialist principles in favor of economic liberalization.

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