Peering is not formal indicator of subordination in Bonobos (Pan paniscus)

Article Abstract:

The relation between peering and agonistic dominance in bonobos and the suitability of peering as a formal subordination signal are evaluated. The distribution of peering in the study groups is studied to determine whether peering is indeed more directed at older, high-ranking females, by examining the relation between peering and the variables, age, rank, and sex.

Netherlands, Social behavior in animals, Animal social behavior, Animal social behaviour

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Reconciliation and consolation in captive Bonobos (Pan paniscus)

Article Abstract:

The agonistic and affiliative contacts in all sex-class combinations to clarify and reevaluate the occurrences of reconciliation in bonobos via the PC-MC method are studied. The consolation may be an alternative substitute for reconciliation used to buffer the tension originating from an unresolved conflict even though the reconciliation is the best option.

Sexual behavior

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Urinary testosterone levels of wild male bonobos (Pan paniscus) in the Lomako Forest, Democratic Republic of Congo

Article Abstract:

Research on a wide variety of species has demonstrated that testosterone (T) is critical for facilitating male aggression in the context of reproductive competition. Results suggest that further study of the relationship between T levels and social context in this species could inform current models relating hormones and aggression in the wild apes.

United States, Evaluation, Testosterone, Aggressive behavior in animals, Animal aggression

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