The Will Rogers illusion in judgments about social groups

Article Abstract:

The influence of the Will Rogers illusion (WRI) is investigated in judgments about social groups. The principle attests that a set of divided numerical scores can be dichotonized further to such that an increase or decrease in both subgroups means is observed. Subjects are asked to calculate the average a presented range of payments. The WRI is observed in the results and is evident in converse patterns depending on whether subgroup averages or the mean of the whole group are evaluated first. These imply that the means of subgroups can affect judgments of group means.

Analysis, Statistics, Statistics (Data), Social science research, Judgment, Judgment (Psychology)

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Heuristics for determining the optimal interval between checkups

Article Abstract:

An equation which can be used to determine the optimal interval between checkups was derived. An approximate to this equation was reached and a study was conducted to find out how people make decisions regarding checkup schedules. Most of the subjects were not able to determine the optimal interval for these schedules. Those who came close to this interval were those who used the given examples as basis for judgment. These findings suggest that the situation may be improved by disseminating information on normative schedules and the means of enforcement.

Medical examination, Periodic health examinations, Clinical health psychology

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Spatial updating of self-position and orientation during real, imagined, and virtual locomotion

Article Abstract:

Updating one's position and orientation during navigation is subserved by visual cues and proprioceptive inputs. The contributions of these two inputs are investigated by removing one or both stimulus in a walking experiment. Results reveal that the presence of these two inputs is necessary to accurately determine position and orientation during walking. Description and watching conditions lead to the miscalculation of orientation and position while visual input by itself is not sufficient to update spatial orientation.

Orientation, Perceptual orientation, Spatial behavior, Human spatial behavior

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