Setting a bad example

Article Abstract:

Unification costs have weakened Germany although West German living standards have only been cut by 1%. Northern Italy is a better example of capitalist development for central and eastern Europe to follow. It is better to allow capitalism to develop from the bottom than to impose market economy. The creation of new small businesses is good for economic progress, as in Poland, Hungary and Czechoslovakia. Exchanging the Ost-mark and the Deutschmark on a one-for-one basis and committing to increase East German wages quickly increased the cost of labour and priced people out of jobs.

Capitalism, German reunification question (1949-1990), Europe, Eastern

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Dawn of the global cities

Article Abstract:

Sydney, Australia, can be seen as a world city that has a significance in social, cultural and economic terms that goes beyond its size. This is part of a wider trend of globalization whereby some dozen cities have gone beyond their domestic economies. New York and London are two examples, while Shanghai is emerging, and Tokyo is becoming less important. Global recognition and money follow financial services companies that decide to locate themselves in these cities. Sydney is also benefiting from a telecoms revolution which has meant that Australia has ceased to be peripheral.

Cities and towns, Sydney, Australia

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Hurray, they've noticed the problem

Article Abstract:

Two Labour politicians and two Conservative politicians have recently made statements which reveal interesting developments in ideas about the proper role of the state and its future functions. Conservative MP Alan Duncan, for example, believes that the role of the state should be further reduced, being replaced by individual decision-making. In each case, the politician is seeking to redefine the role of politicians.

Analysis, State rights

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