High-resolution mapping of human chromosome 11 by in situ hybridization with cosmid clones
Article Abstract:
The gene is the basic unit of heredity and occurs in pairs called alleles on chromosomes, thread-like structures in the nucleus. There are 23 pairs of chromosomes in each cell. The genetic information is carried by deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and processed into proteins by the ribonucleic acids (RNA). DNA consists of nucleotide subunits, made up of a deoxyribose sugar, phosphate, and one of the four bases: adenine, guanine, cytosine and thymine. The nucleotides link together by their phosphate groups to make up a strand. Two strands of nucleotides bind together by complementary base pairs; in other words, certain bases always bind to each other. For example, the guanine base from one strand always binds to the cytosine base of the other strand, and adenine always binds to thymine. This characteristic of complementary base pairing can be used to determine an unknown nucleotide sequence in a single strand of DNA. The strand containing the unknown sequence of nucleotide is isolated and exposed to strands of DNA containing known sequences of nucleotides; the known sequence that is bound will reflect the unknown sequence of nucleotides. Current research is intensively focused on mapping the human chromosomes, and this knowledge may be used to understand and treat genetic diseases, including some forms of cancer. This study uses a modified form of the hybridization method to map the human chromosome 11.
Publication Name: Science
Subject: Science and technology
ISSN: 0036-8075
Year: 1990
User Contributions:
Comment about this article or add new information about this topic:
Coming Soon: The Pocket DNA Sequencer
Article Abstract:
Some semiconductor companies are working to produce miniaturized chemical equipment that will be a less costly replacement for existing equipment and could lead to new applications. One example is a small, automated DNA sequencer to be used in the Venter gene sequencing project. The technology, called microfluidics, is discussed.
Publication Name: Science
Subject: Science and technology
ISSN: 0036-8075
Year: 1998
User Contributions:
Comment about this article or add new information about this topic:
The future of DNA sequencing
Article Abstract:
Improvements in DNA sequencing techniques include ultrathin gel electrophoresis, replaceable gels, unconventional approaches in mass spectrometry and sequencing by hybridization.
Publication Name: Science
Subject: Science and technology
ISSN: 0036-8075
Year: 1993
User Contributions:
Comment about this article or add new information about this topic:
- Abstracts: Selenium immobilization in evaporation pond sediments by in situ precipitation of ferric oxyhydroxide. Kinetic study of the speciation of copper (II) bound to a hydrous ferric oxide
- Abstracts: Role of natural convection on the emission of volatiles from a bed of contaminated particles. Frequency distributions of PM10 chemical components and their sources
- Abstracts: Using 14C-labeled radiochemicals can cause experimental error in studies of the behavior of volatile organic compounds
- Abstracts: Mantle melting at high pressure. Determining the origin of ultrahigh-pressure lherzolites. Recycling osmium