Occurrence of selected pesticides and their metabolites in near-surface aquifers of the midwestern United States

Article Abstract:

Metabolites are commonly found more frequently in groundwater than their parent compounds. This was gleaned from an examination of the occurrence and distribution of selected pesticides and their metabolites from 837 water-quality samples from 303 wells throughout the Midwest, where five of the six most frequently detected compounds were pesticide metabolites. Alachlor ethanesulfonic acid was detected nearly 10 times as often and at more significant concentrations than its parent compound alachlor. Results indicate that the quantification of pesticide metabolites is necessary to accurately estimate the effects of chemical use on groundwater.

Pesticides & Other Ag Chemicals, Environmental aspects, Pollution, Water, Underground, Groundwater, Aquifers, Pesticide residues, Plant metabolites

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Evaluation of microtiter-plate enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the analysis of triazine and chloroacetanilide herbicides in rainfall

Article Abstract:

Microtiter-plate enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) proved effective in prediciting the herbicides triazine and chloroacetanilide in rainfall. The triazine ELISA method revealed a false-positive rate of 11.8% probably due to cross reactivity with an undetected triazine or metabolite. The combination of low sensitivity at the reporting limit of 0.15 microng/L and a distribution characterized by 75% of the samples at or below the reporting limit could have cause the chloroacetanilide ELISA to demonstrate a false-negative rate of 23.1%.

Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences, Industrial Organic Chemicals, Cyclic Crude and Intermediate Manufacturing, Water Pollution Control R&D, Herbicides, Triazines, Chemistry, Analytic, Analytical chemistry, Heterocyclic aromatic compounds, Water pollution research, Rain and rainfall, Rain

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A reconnaisance study of herbicides and their metabolites in surface water of the Midwestern United States using immunoassay and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry

Article Abstract:

An examination of the effect of preemergent herbicides and their metabolites on regional surface-water quality is discussed. Water samples were collected by depth-integrating techniques at 149 reconnaissance sites. Herbicide transport was studied using test immunoassay with confirmation of gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Resulting herbicide concentrations were compared with EPA standards. It was found that runoff after spring planting had a regional effect on water quality.

Natural resources, Water chemistry, Mass spectrometry, Gas chromatography

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