Using input-output analysis to estimate economy-wide discharges
Article Abstract:
Life-cycle assessment (LCA) standards have been developed to help businesses, consumers and regulators become aware of the environmental impact of the use, processing and disposal of materials in industry. The LCA follows a product's life cycle to determine problems at developmental stages which can be avoided with effective decision-making. Although the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry has been most intensive with its LCA life-cycle analysis, its model is limited to the most vital product process materials and disregards other indirect factors.
Publication Name: Environmental Science & Technology
Subject: Science and technology
ISSN: 0013-936X
Year: 1995
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Toxic emissions indices for green design and inventory
Article Abstract:
A ranking system for toxics release inventory (TRI) chemicals was developed based on the relative toxicity of TRI compounds. The ranking system was contrasted with the EPA's TRI summaries, which report toxic chemicals release by weight. It was shown that since certain substances are more toxic than others, reporting TRI by weight does not give an idea of the impact of TRI chemicals on human health. The ranking system based on relative toxicity is thus more useful for environmental engineering design and environmentally motivated manufacturing changes.
Publication Name: Environmental Science & Technology
Subject: Science and technology
ISSN: 0013-936X
Year: 1995
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Battery-powered vehicles: ozone reduction versus lead discharges
Article Abstract:
An assessment of the impact of battery-powered vehicles (BPVs) in Southern California and in New York, NY, showed that zero-emissions vehicles reduce peak ozone levels at about 1 ppb. Although encouraging, these air quality benefits are overshadowed by the potential environmental problems posed by activities associated with the battery industry such as mining, smelting and recycling. Studies showed that every 500 kg of lead batteries produce discharges that are 80 times greater than emissions produced by gas-powered vehicles.
Publication Name: Environmental Science & Technology
Subject: Science and technology
ISSN: 0013-936X
Year: 1996
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