Specification of the criterion construct space: an application of hierarchical confirmatory factor analysis

Article Abstract:

We used hierarchical confirmatory factor analysis to test alternative latent structures underlying performance in multiple dimensions as measured by work samples and three rating scores. The model receiving strongest support was one that specified multidimensional trait (performance dimension) and measurement method second-order factors (SOFs). This model exhibited significant convergent and discriminant validity, showed significant measurement method effects, and indicated that different measurement methods assess somewhat different aspects of the total criterion construct space. Significant correlations between measurement method SOFs and performance predictors suggest the need to reconsider the interpretation of method factors, not as bias, but as possibly representing different overall perspectives on performance. (Reprinted by permission of the publisher.)

Employee performance appraisals, Performance appraisals, Success

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Processing objective and question order effects on the causal relation between memory and judgment in performance appraisal: the tip of the iceberg

Article Abstract:

This studyextends the research on information processing in performance appraisal judgments. A critical aspect of this research is the relation between memory and judgment processes. Performance appraisal researchers have traditionally assumed that performance judgments are based on memory for specific behaviors; implicit in this assumption is the idea that as memory for specific behaviors improves, judgmental accuracy should also improve. We elaborate the circumstances under which performance ratings are more or less likely to be based on previously formed judgments as opposed to memory for specific information. Results indicate that the causal relation between memory and judgment is driven by contextual factors at the time ratings are required as well as at the time information is encoded. (Reprinted by permission of the publisher.)

Memory, Judgment, Judgment (Psychology), Human information processing

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Statistical control of halo: clarification from two cognitive models of the performance appraisal process

Article Abstract:

It has been argued that partial correlation may be appropriately used to statistically correct for halo in ratings if specific assumptions about the causal priority between dimensional and overall evaluations are met. We derived alternative structural models from current literature that differ mainly in assigning these causal priorities. We showed that the critical assumptions involve the causal structure of the overall performance judgment, not causal priorities among ratings. We suggest that the partialing procedure generally yields unspecifiable and uninterpretable residuals, and that it may only be used appropriately when there is no halo error in dimensional ratings to begin with! (Reprinted by permission of the publisher.)

Psychological aspects, Performance, Evaluation, Industrial psychology, Performance standards, Job performance standards, Industrial-organizational psychology

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