Within-task intercorrelations of skilled performance: implications for predicting individual differences?
Article Abstract:
Recent discussion by Henry and Hulin (1987) about the implications of stability and change in skilled performance are questioned on several counts. First, the presentation reflects an inadequate review of previous data pertaining to the influences of skill acquisition on ability-performance covariance. Furthermore, the authors made untenable assumptions that equate ability with job sample measures. Their conclusions about universal decline in predictive validity coefficients are inconsistent with both theory and data in the literature. As a result, misleading generalizations were made to other issues in the prediction of individual differences. This article notes deviations from historical literature and outlines the problems of this approach. Discussion of theoretical frameworks for predicting individual differences in skill acquisition and skilled performance is also presented, along with an overview of data in support of these frameworks. The conclusions reached differ from those of Henry and Hulin, lead to different interpretations of past research and practice, and propose very different directions for future research. (Reprinted by permission of the publisher.)
Publication Name: Journal of Applied Psychology
Subject: Social sciences
ISSN: 0021-9010
Year: 1989
User Contributions:
Comment about this article or add new information about this topic:
Framing, cognitive modes, and image theory: toward an understanding of a glass half full
Article Abstract:
Data from 2 experiments indicate that information framing affects decision episodes in more ways than previous studies showed. Results suggest that framing biases problem-space perceptions and may act as a catalyst for different modes of cognitive processing. Characteristics of controlled cognitive modes were found when information was negatively framed; characteristics of more automatic processing were found when information was positively framed. Results from the 2nd experiment also suggest that the emergence of these cognitive differences could be due to the effect of framing on a decision maker's perception of project images. Positive framing was associated with perceptions of compatibility between current and trajectory project images; negative framing was related to perceptions of greater image incompatibility. Implications for theory and practice are discussed. (Reprinted by permission of the publisher.)
Publication Name: Journal of Applied Psychology
Subject: Social sciences
ISSN: 0021-9010
Year: 1993
User Contributions:
Comment about this article or add new information about this topic:
- Abstracts: Differential perceptions of employers' inducements: implications for psychological contracts. Expectations of organizational mobility, workplace social inclusion, and employee job performance
- Abstracts: Decision-making effects on compensation surveys: implications for market wages. Estimating the standard error of projected dollar gains in utility analysis
- Abstracts: Feeling and liking responses to television programs: an examination of two explanations for media-context effects
- Abstracts: Correlation of eyewitness accuracy and confidence: optimality hypothesis revisited. Eyewitness identification accuracy, confidence, and decision times in simultaneous and sequential lineups
- Abstracts: The effects of advertisement encoding on the failure to discount information: implications for the sleeper effect. part 2