Errors in judging 'offside' in football
Article Abstract:
The reason why assistant referees, who judge offside in football, often make mistakes is the fact that their angle of viewing, often from beyond the last defender, makes errors optically inevitable. It was established that, in situations far from the assistant referee, more flag errors than non-flag errors were made when the attacker went outside the defender. In situations close to the assistant referee, more non-flag errors were made. The opposite arose if the attacker went past the defender on the inside. Mistakes made by assistant referees in assessing offside could frequently arise from the relative optical projections of the players on the assistant referee's retina.
Publication Name: Nature
Subject: Zoology and wildlife conservation
ISSN: 0028-0836
Year: 2000
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Masking unveils pre-amodal completion representation in visual search
Article Abstract:
Research is presented concerning the influence of visual search in accessing pre-completion representations. The limits imposed by the size of the occluded region and by the pre-amodal search are discussed.
Publication Name: Nature
Subject: Zoology and wildlife conservation
ISSN: 0028-0836
Year: 2001
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Involuntary orienting to sound improves visual perception
Article Abstract:
It is shown that sudden sound can improve the detectability of a subsequent flash at the same location.
Publication Name: Nature
Subject: Zoology and wildlife conservation
ISSN: 0028-0836
Year: 2000
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