Human cytomegalovirus encodes three G protein-coupled receptor homologues
Article Abstract:
The human cytomegalovirus (CMV), a member of the herpesvirus family, can cause serious infection in newborns and in individuals whose immune systems are depressed, such as patients with AIDS. Three genes have been identified that are predicted to code for three G protein-coupled receptors. G proteins are molecules that are involved in the transmission of a signal from the outside of the cell to the inside. Molecules outside the cell bind to cellular receptors that are attached to G proteins, which in turn generate intracellular signals, causing some type of response by the cell. It is thought that the CMV acquires the genes for the G-protein-coupled receptors from the host cells, similar to how tumor viruses pick up oncogenes. The presence of these cellularly acquired genes shows that there is a complex relationship for interactions between the virus and the host. These receptors may form a pathway for the virus to divide and multiply and perhaps cause disease, using cellular mechanisms. Understanding the biology of these receptors and the molecules they bind may provide a new way to introduce antagonists or other drugs into the virus to prevent infection by CMV, similar to the use of beta-adrenergic receptor antagonists, which cause inhibition of beta-adrenergic responses such as the decrease of heart contraction. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)
Publication Name: Nature
Subject: Zoology and wildlife conservation
ISSN: 0028-0836
Year: 1990
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CaMKII regulates the density of central glutamatergic synapses in vivo
Article Abstract:
The type II calcium- and calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaMKII) and voltage-dependent calcium channels are needed for the homeostatic control of synaptic density during growth in Caenorhabditis elegans. It is suggested that this regulation is mediated by two clear antagonistic functions of CaMKII. As the worm grows larger, the synaptic density along the ventral ord falls, which should lead to reduced excitation of the interneurons. CAMKII prompts formation of new synapses, possibly by boosting transport of nascent receptors from the cell bodies.
Publication Name: Nature
Subject: Zoology and wildlife conservation
ISSN: 0028-0836
Year: 1999
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