Maintenance of functional equivalence during paralogous Hox gene evolution
Article Abstract:
It has been established that the proteins encoded by the paralogous genes, Hoxa3 and Hoxd3, can undertake identical biological functions. The different roles attributed to these genes stem from quantitative modulations in gene expression. The successful bi-directional complementation of both the Hoxa3 and Hoxd3 genes has produced a range of valuable information. It is clear that these proteins are able to undertake equivalent biological functions in the processes recognized to need Hox3 gene activity. This research has also produced direct evident that the different roles undertaken by these genes during embryogenesis mainly stem from cis-acting sequences that modulate expression of the individual loci.
Publication Name: Nature
Subject: Zoology and wildlife conservation
ISSN: 0028-0836
Year: 2000
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Absence of radius and ulna in mice lacking hoxa-11 and hoxd-11
Article Abstract:
Double mutant mice containing mutations in hoxa-11 and hoxd-11 genes show the absence of the radius and ulna in the forelimbs, homeotic transformations in the axial skeleton and kidney defects. The addition of more mutant alleles makes the phenotype more severe. The results of this study show that the Hox genes act together to control limb formation and patterning along the proximodistal axis. The forelimbs of these mutants are affected more than the hindlimbs. The phenotypes of mice containing mutations in one gene are described.
Publication Name: Nature
Subject: Zoology and wildlife conservation
ISSN: 0028-0836
Year: 1995
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Mutation of an axonemal dynein affects left-right asymmetry in inversus viscerum mice
Article Abstract:
Vertebrate patterning requires the development of visceral asymmetries along the left-right (LR) axis in a bilaterally symmetrical embryo. It is suggested that the inversus viscerum (iv) gene product drives correct LR determination. The positional cloning of an axonemal dynein heavy-chain gene, left/right-dynein, mutated in legless and iv, is reported. Lrd was expressed at day 7.5 and this is consistent with its role in LR development.
Publication Name: Nature
Subject: Zoology and wildlife conservation
ISSN: 0028-0836
Year: 1997
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