Nanoparticles behaving oddly

Article Abstract:

The thermodynamic properties of nanometer-scale aggregates of atoms were studied. It was found that small clusters exhibit characteristics that deviate from that of normal metals. The distribution of levels of resonance in small particles, for example, is not one of uncorrelated random numbers, but is determined by the symmetries of the electron Hamiltonian, a phenomenon which can be attributed to quantum level-repulsion effects. The charge fluctuations in small particles were also found to be suppressed at low temperatures since they have large charging energy. Moreover, below one Kelvin, the 5-shell heat capacity undergoes a transition to a T(super 2) dependence due to quantum size effects.

Analysis, Particles, Particulate matter, Thermodynamics, Coordination compounds

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An optical lattice clock

Article Abstract:

The 'optical lattice clock' demonstrates a linewidth one order of magnitude narrower than that observed for neutral-atom optical clocks, and its stability is better than that of single-ion clocks. Description of an approach in which atoms trapped in an optical lattice serve as quantum references is provided.

United States, Science & research, Research, Optical materials, Atomic properties, Microwave measurements, Microwave measurement

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