Seismological evidence for differential rotation of the Earth's inner core

Article Abstract:

The Earth's inner core's rotational speed, at its equator, is 100,000 times faster than the relative motion of the lithosphere tectonic plates. Estimates of differential rotation of the inner core come from the changes in measurements of the difference in travel time between seismic waves passing through the inner core, and those passing only through the outer core. The anisotropy of the inner core explains the faster propagation of seismic waves that travel closer to the axis of spin. The axis of anisotropy is tilted from the north-south axis by some degrees.

Analysis, Earth, Core (Geology), Seismic waves, Astronomical rotation

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Testing the nuclear test-ban treaty: A recent earthquake near a former Soviet nuclear test site has tested mechanisms for monitoring the test-ban treaty

Article Abstract:

The Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (CTBT) was signed by Russia and many other countries in September 1996. It committed them to not undertake nuclear explosive test for any purpose. A small seismic event in the Kara Sea in August 1997 was described by the US State and Defense Departments as having explosive characteristics. The event was used by some to throw doubt on the verifiability of the CTBT and shows the need for the US to establish relevant government forums.

Management, Treaties, Underground nuclear explosions, Nuclear explosion detection

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Testing the test-ban treaty

Article Abstract:

Worldwide monitoring capabilities now make it possible to detect underground nuclear explosions down to 10 kilotons, or 1 kiloton according to some experts. This permits new standards for a test-ban treaty. Verification is complicated by technical problems at the low end of nuclear devices, and by such disguise techniques as decoupling (setting off the explosion within an underground cavity). A new test-ban treaty may be signed soon.

Testing, Nuclear weapons, Nuclear testing, Nuclear arms control, Arms control verification

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