Vegetation-induced warming of high-latitude regions during the Late Cretaceous period

Article Abstract:

Simulations using a coupled ocean-atmosphere-sea-ice general circulation model were conducted to examine the warming of high-latitude regions caused by forest vegetation during the latest Cretaceous period (66 million years ago). Findings indicate that vegetation increases global temperature by 2.2 degrees centigrade, and that warming starts in low-albedo deciduous forests and spreads to high-latitude land areas and then to adjacent oceans. This slows down the formation of sea-ice and raises winter temperatures over coastal land. Adjustments were made to reduce discrepancies between observed and modelled climates of the latest Cretaceous.

Geology, Stratigraphic, Stratigraphy, Forest microclimatology, Cretaceous period, Vegetation and climate, Plant climatology

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Temperature trends over the past five centuries reconstructed from borehole temperatures

Article Abstract:

It has been possible to assemble a database of borehole temperatures for climate reconstruction. At present, the database contains 616 borehole temperature profiles: 453 in the Northern Hemisphere and 163 in the Southern Hemisphere. Of the 616 borehole temperature profiles analyzed, 479 indicate a net warming over the past five centuries. The magnitude of ground surface warming over this period is greater in the Northern Hemisphere than in the Southern Hemisphere. It is suggested that the long-term trends obtained from borehole temperatures may be useful complements to traditional proxy reconstructions of climate change.

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Increases in greenhouse forcing inferred from the outgoing longwave radiation spectra of the Earth in 1970 and 1997

Article Abstract:

Research is presented concerning the differences in the Earth's outgoing longwave radiation which was measured by spacecraft in orbit in 1970 and 1997. The evidence for an increase in the greenhouse effect is discussed.

Measurement, Letter to the Editor, Greenhouse effect

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