Akt phosphorylation of BAD couples survival signals to the cell-intrinsic death machinery

Article Abstract:

Experiment was conducted to examine the hypothesis that the Pl3'K/Akt pathway may result in BAD phosphorylation and may, thus, suppress cell death and promote cell survival. Growth factors can promote cell survival by activating the phosphatidylinositide-3'-OH kinase and its downstream target, the serine-threonine kinase Akt but the mechanism by which Akt functions need to be examined. Akt phosphorylates BAD in vitro and in vivo, and blocks the BAD-induced death of primary neurons. Results suggest a mechanism by which growth factors inactivate a vital component of cell-death machinery.

Growth factors, Recombinant proteins

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Size control in animal development

Article Abstract:

Size control is one of the most fundamental aspects of development. Despite its importance, however, so little attention has been paid to it by researchers. What is clear is that extracellular components play an important role in determining the number and size of cells. it is also known that local and systemic controls determine organ size. For instance, growth hormones stimulate growth by inducing organs such as the liver to produce insulin-like growth factor 1. Aside from the genetic aspects, environmental factors such as functional and nutrition load are also important.

Genetic aspects, Body size, Body weights and measures, Animals

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The product of par-4, a gene induced during apoptosis, interacts selectively with the atypical isoforms of protein kinase C

Article Abstract:

The role of Par-4, a protein encoded by a gene induced during apoptosis, in cell proliferation and survival was investigated by yeast two-hybrid assays. The results revealed that Par-4 is associated with the protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms, zetaPKC and lambda/iPKC. Since expression of these atypical PKCs inhibits their enzymatic activity, it is suggested that Par-4 may be involved in growth inhibition and apoptosis.

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