Toward a Model of Organizations as Interpretation Systems
Article Abstract:
The processes by which an organization arrives at determining the needs of the market are explored. There are new viewpoints on how an organization can become geared to supply those needs. The approach is from a theoretical standpoint and is illustrated with charts and tables. A model is presented. It provides a comparative perspective for managers as well as pointing out that the manager should function as an interpreter, rather than doing the operational work of the organization. This is a basis and stimulant for the manager's thinking, rather than a precise formula.
Publication Name: Academy of Management Review
Subject: Business, general
ISSN: 0363-7425
Year: 1984
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Upper Echelons: The Organization as a Reflection of Its Top Managers
Article Abstract:
The background and character of upper level executives have a definite effect upon the way a firm function and the course it takes. Some advantages in studying the top people in one's own and in competitor's firms are cited. Different theories on the subject are explored. Important factors influencing the thinking of a top executive include his formal education, socioeconomic background, and financial position. Some views on further research are given. Two figures illustrate the development of courses of action in an organization.
Publication Name: Academy of Management Review
Subject: Business, general
ISSN: 0363-7425
Year: 1984
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Treating Progress Functions as a Managerial Opportunity
Article Abstract:
Using a fifty year history as a data base, the relationship between progress functions and organizational behavior are explored. The formulating of policies based upon progress functions is often poorly done. Progress functions are sometimes confused with related measurements and incorrect conclusions drawn. The weaknesses and potentials of progress functions are explored. Four main categories of factors contributing to progress are described. Some considerations for managing the rate of progress are given.
Publication Name: Academy of Management Review
Subject: Business, general
ISSN: 0363-7425
Year: 1984
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