Tree diversity, landscape diversity, and economics of maple-birch forests: implications of Markovian models
Article Abstract:
Private landowners and public land managers should understand biological diversity to help them balance economic and ecological concerns. To help them in this goal, a study examined methods for forecasting landscape diversity, which is described as the distribution of stand states across a vast landscape under various management leaderships. This analysis focuses on a Markov decision process (MDP) model, where a matrix examines the transition probabilities between stand states based on a decision. When the MDP model was tested on the growth and economics of maple-birch forests in Wisconsin, it was found to be effective in appraising forest management policies. The model also successfully predicted the impacts of various management policies on ecological and economic variables. Finally, the model facilitated the design of compromise policies that ensure income while protecting diversity.
Publication Name: Management Science
Subject: Business, general
ISSN: 0025-1909
Year: 1998
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Pooling in two-location inventory systems with non-negligible replenishment lead times
Article Abstract:
A two-location stochastic control model of a periodic review inventory system that allows pooling is proposed. The model is used to derive stocking policy solutions that are near-optimal. The pooling function is included to minimize spot shortages. A positive replenishment lead time is a key focus of analysis in the proposed inventory system. Complete pooling is observed to be far superior to partial pooling. Near-optimal solutions for S values are computed using a heuristic algorithm that applies the zero lead time technique. An accurate evaluation of the operating features of inventory systems such as that of the proposed model can be derived from simple estimates.
Publication Name: Management Science
Subject: Business, general
ISSN: 0025-1909
Year: 1992
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Location on Networks: A Survey. Part II: Exploiting Tree Network Structure
Article Abstract:
Minimax and minisum location problems on networks are addressed. Problems with mutual communication, location problems involving multiple objectives, distant constraint problems, and location of paths are analyzed. Graph theory methodologies have only recently been used to solve network problems. This survey shows that computational complexity is having an impact, and interest in heuristic or approximate algorithms is increasing. Necessary and sufficient results are confined to tree-like structures.
Publication Name: Management Science
Subject: Business, general
ISSN: 0025-1909
Year: 1983
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