Do marketing expenditures to gain distribution cost the customer?

Article Abstract:

The marketing activities and expenditures of both manufacturers and distributors have often been criticised as adding extra expense to the ultimate consumer who has to pay a higher price for the product. However, it can be argued that marketing expenditure increases distribution coverage, which, in turn, benefits the final consumer through both economic and social value. Expanded distribution makes products more available to consumers, increases competition between retailers and makes it more difficult for sellers to extract high prices.

Economic aspects, Distribution of goods, Distribution (Commerce)

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The EU marketing environment: pharmaceuticals and Japanese strategy

Article Abstract:

Fast-changing social and political developments in the European Union have had a significant impact on market conditions in Europe. Multinational organisations such as Japanese pharmaceuticals organisation Sankyo have adapted their marketing strategy to cater for volatility in the marketplace. Sankyo has to cater for multilingual, multicurrency requirements within Europe while maintaining a cohesive framework for European legislative requirements. More changes in Europe are expected.

Administration of Economic Programs, Marketing & Consumer Services, International aspects, International business enterprises, Multinational corporations, European Union

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Building and deploying profitable growth strategies based on the waterfall of customer value added

Article Abstract:

Companies which focus on improving customer value tend to perform well. Improvements in return on investment, sales and revenues are illustrated. Greater benefits from customer satisfaction can be achieved if added value is provided at each stage of the product cycle such as product development, sale, installation and after-care service. Profit tree analysis helps managers to develop an appropriate focus on future company growth.

Research and Development in the Social Sciences and Humanities, Management Science, Methods, Analysis, Value added, Business success

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