The last emperors

Article Abstract:

China was the largest economy world wide until the 1890s and the US then took its place. China could regain its place between 2010 and 2020. China was run by bureaucrats and this hampered the development of a middle class. There was an attempt to cut China off from western influences and China became weak as a result of this policy. The isolation was continued by Chairman Mao, who took over after occupation by Japan, and a civil war that killed millions of Chinese. China has started to embrace capitalism, but is also retaining a Chinese character in the economy.

Economic development

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Chang Hsueh-liang

Article Abstract:

Chinese warlord Chang Hsueh-liang, who has died at the age of 101, is credited by many with helping the Communists come to power in 1949. Chang later regretted his actions against Nationalist leader Chiang Kai-shek and spent 54 years as a political prisoner in Taiwan.

Obituary, Chang Hsueh-liang

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The muddle kingdom

Article Abstract:

Lord Macartney's mission to China was intended to persuade Chinese officials to open their nation to British trade. Macartney brought the latest scientific technology, and the Chinese refusal to modernize is now seen as a tragic error.

United Kingdom, Chinese foreign relations, British foreign relations

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