Measurement and combination of red flags to assess the risk of management fraud: a fuzzy set approach

Article Abstract:

The utilization of fuzzy set approach in analyzing the risk of management fraud using red flags yields positive results. Fuzzy set approach is shown to effectively calculate the ultimate risk associated with management fraud. Effective calculation is possible since the approach measures beliefs related to conditions, motivations and attitudes of auditors that might result to fraud. The approach also gives auditors the freedom to use professional judgement.

Accounting Methods, Behavior Theory, Risk assessment, Accounting, Auditing, Human behavior, Fraud investigation

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Investing in new companies in an unstable economic environment: a fuzzy set approach

Article Abstract:

A fuzzy set approach is used to analyze investing in new firms. The approach regards new firms as finite fuzzy subsets of companies that are stable and have an available historical investment information. A framework for a fuzzy expected return corresponding to a new investment being examined is then constructed. Investments which have defuzzified expected returns that did not meet defined standards are rejected.

Portfolio Management, Investments, New business enterprises, Startups

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