Evidence for aseismic deformation rate changes prior to earthquakes
Article Abstract:
The best-documented examples of deformation-rate changes prior to earthquakes are described and the available data on selected earthquakes for which no pre-earthquake deformation-rate anomalies were detected are summarized. While the unpredictable earthquake is an essential scenario for public safety planning, the growing stream of real-time crystal deformation data challenges earthquake scientists to identify and interpret deformation rate changes, which indicate heightened hazard.
Publication Name: Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Science
Subject: Earth sciences
ISSN: 0084-6597
Year: 2006
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Dynamics of lake eruptions and possible ocean eruptions
Article Abstract:
The experimental simulations of C[O.sub.2-] driven water eruptions and dynamic models of such eruptions are reviewed and a bubble plume theory is applied to the dynamics of lake eruptions. Field evidence, experimental results, and theoretical models show that lake eruptions can be violent, and theoretical calculations are consistent with the high exit velocities and eruption columns inferred from observations.
Publication Name: Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Science
Subject: Earth sciences
ISSN: 0084-6597
Year: 2006
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