Means-tested versus universal transfers: alternative models and value judgements

Article Abstract:

Means-tested and universal tax and transfer systems are evaluated according to different criteria. Fixed wage rates and fixed income rates are compared. Advocates for means-tested systems believe transfers are meant to alleviate poverty. Advocates for universal systems believe benefits should be more widely distributed. Relative superiority of each system depends on the judge's attitudes toward equity and poverty.

Social aspects, Evaluation, Tax policy, Income distribution, Transfer payments

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Market demand and income distribution: a theoretical exploration

Article Abstract:

Changes in the distribution of disposable income have an effect on market demand for a good or service. There is an assortment of empirically relevant constellations in which the impact of the mean income on market demand is information based on the shape of the Engel curve and differences between income distributions.

Economics, Research and Development in the Social Sciences and Humanities, Market Research, Research, Demand (Economics), Disposable income

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Close Equals and Calculation of the Vertical, Horizontal and Reranking Effects of Taxation

Article Abstract:

This paper examines a technique in decomposing the redistributive effect of taxation into three types of components. Then the progressivity of tax and transfer payments in Australia is analyzed using a technique with a selected bandwith.

Australia, Public Finance Activities, Taxes NEC, Statistical Data Included, Methods, Influence, Taxation, Competing risks

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