The scientific basis of forestry
Article Abstract:
Many questions faced by forestry scientists are also faced by those concerned about basic ecology. Scientists have tried to develop ecosystem-based management approaches that maintain the complexity and function of a system. They often act in nontraditional roles at the biology/sociology/policy interface. In the US two approaches with very different goals and scientific priorities have emerged in forestry. In most industrial lands the emphasis is on greater productivity of wood fiber. Federal forest management focuses on protecting diversity and water. Long-term sustainability are important for any owner, private or public. Productive genotype selection, fertilization, harvesting practices that compact soil, pest problems related to intensive forestry and the potential of loss of species with no commercial value are issues to be faced. Biology, soils and hydrology are emphasized, but other aspects of forestry are reviewed.
Publication Name: Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics
Subject: Environmental issues
ISSN: 0066-4162
Year: 1998
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Bacterial growth efficiency in natural aquatic systems
Article Abstract:
Lack of knowledge about bacterial respiration (BR) limits ability to understand the role of bacteria in the carbon cycle of aquatic ecosystems. In the transformation of organic matter, heterotrophic bacteria have two major roles, that of making new bacterial biomass, bacterial secondary production (BP), and that of respiring organic carbon (C) to inorganic, that is BR. A lot has been learned about BP for planktonic bacteria, but little is known about BR. The ecological and physiological bases of the regulation of BGE have been reviewed (BGE = (BP)/(BP + BR)). BGE varies systematically with BP and ecosystem trophic richness. Planktonic bacteria seem to maximize carbon utilization rather than BGE. Maintenance energy costs seem to be highest in oligotrophic systems in consequence.
Publication Name: Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics
Subject: Environmental issues
ISSN: 0066-4162
Year: 1998
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Biospheric trace gas fluxes and their control over tropospheric chemistry
Article Abstract:
Research into the primary controls over the biosphere-atmosphere exchange of reactive trace gases and efforts to model the dominant biospheric influences on oxidative dynamics of the troposphere is reviewed. Studies strongly support the point of view that biospheric processes are the main factor in oxidative chemistry in the lower atmosphere. Improvements in modeling biospheric influences on tropospheric chemistry and its susceptibility to global change will come from using more exact information on the processes that control emission and uptake of reactive trace gases. Better data on impact of changes in ecosystem cover and land-use change would help too. Forests and marine ecosystems are factors.
Publication Name: Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics
Subject: Environmental issues
ISSN: 0066-4162
Year: 2001
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- Abstracts: Species loss and the structure and functioning of multitrophic aquatic systems
- Abstracts: The partitioning of density-dependent dispersal, growth and survival throughout ontogeny in a highly fecund organism
- Abstracts: The physiology of life history trade-offs in animals. Streams in the urban landscape. Environmental influences on regional deep-sea species diversity
- Abstracts: The physiology of life history trade-offs in animals. Analysis of selection on enzyme polymorphisms. Approaches to the study of territory size and shape
- Abstracts: Streams in the urban landscape. Streams in Mediterranean climate regions: abiotic influences and biotic responses to predictable seasonal events