Efficacy of temafloxacin versus ciprofloxacin or amoxicillin in lower respiratory tract infections in smokers and the elderly

Article Abstract:

The effects of smoking and age on the safety and effectiveness of the antibiotic temafloxacin were assessed in patients with infections of the lower respiratory tract. These effects were compared with similar findings reported in studies of the antibiotics ciprofloxacin and amoxicillin; in all, the findings of six clinical trials were reviewed. Temafloxacin is a new fluoroquinolone antibiotic that kills a wide range of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria that often cause lower respiratory tract infections. Ciprofloxacin is another fluoroquinolone and it has been previously tested. Amoxicillin is another type of antibiotic that is frequently used to treat lower respiratory tract infections. The abilities of the three drugs to relieve patients' clinical symptoms were comparable in both smokers and elders (aged 65 years and older) with lower respiratory tract infections. However, more effective killing of bacteria, that is, a higher cure rate, occurred with temafloxacin. No differences were seen in the development of adverse side effects with the three drugs in either group of patients. Therefore, temafloxacin can be used as an alternative treatment of lower respiratory infections in smokers and the elderly. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)

Aged, Elderly, Diseases, Smokers, Respiratory tract infections

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Mechanisms and frequency of resistance to temafloxacin

Article Abstract:

Bacteria can become resistant to antibiotics because of genetic changes. There are two basic mechanisms of resistance. One is the transfer of genetic information on plasmids, or separate genetic structures on the genes of the bacteria. The second mechanism is by spontaneous genetic change or mutation. Temafloxacin is a type of antibiotic belonging to the group known as fluoroquinolones. Temafloxacin inhibits bacteria from replicating by a mechanism of action different from other antibiotics. The development of resistant strains to fluoroquinolones is very low. Genes conferring resistance have not been found on plasmids and mutations conferring resistance occur at very low rates. To confirm this, 13 strains of bacteria were analyzed as to the rate of genetic change to temafloxacin. Genetic change occurred at very low rates. In fact, resistance to temafloxacin occurred at lower rates compared with two other types of fluoroquinolones, ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin. However, if the bacteria became resistant to one of the fluoroquinolones, they became resistant to the others, indicating that the same molecule was affected in all cases. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)

Reports, Genetic aspects, Drug resistance in microorganisms, Microbial drug resistance, Microbial sensitivity tests

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Oral temafloxacin compared to norfloxacin for the treatment of complicated urinary tract infections

Article Abstract:

Temafloxacin is a new antibiotic of the fluoroquinolone group. It is effective against a wide variety of bacteria and is well tolerated by the body, with few adverse side effects. The effectiveness of temafloxacin in treating 78 women with complicated urinary tract infections was assessed and compared with norfloxacin, another type of fluoroquinolone. Urinary tract infections are complicated if urinary calculi (stones) are present, the ureter has a stricture (narrowing), or if the infection recurs. The clinical symptoms of urinary tract infection were alleviated in 96 percent (75 of 78) of the women treated with temafloxacin compared with 98 percent (89 of 91) of those treated with norfloxacin. Complete eradication of bacteria occurred in over 95 percent of the patients treated with either drug. Adverse side effects, including nausea and dizziness, were experienced by a small percentage of the women in both groups. These results indicate that temafloxacin is as effective and safe as norfloxacin in treating complicated urinary tract infections in women. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)

Gram-negative bacteria, Urinary tract infections, Gram-positive bacteria

Similar abstracts:

• Abstracts: Ofloxacin versus vancomycin/polymyxin for prevention of infection in granulocytopenic patients. Introduction: ofloxacin (Symposium: Ofloxacin: a pharmacodynamic advance in quinolone antimicrobial therapy)
• Abstracts: Temafloxacin: an overview. Activity of temafloxacin and other fluoroquinolones against typical and atypical community-acquired respiratory tract pathogens
• Abstracts: Fluoroquinolones for the treatment of nongonococcal urethritis/cervicitis. Recent developments in the treatment of sexually transmitted diseases

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