Adhesion molecules - part 1

Article Abstract:

Defects in the function of adhesion molecules may be responsible for many serious diseases. Adhesion molecules include the integrins, the immunoglobulin superfamily, the cadherins, and the selectins. Integrins act as signaling molecules, communicating information to and from the cell. The molecules of the immunoglobulin superfamily bind similar cells to each other. The cadherins are responsible for maintaining the junctions between similar cells. The selectins differ from most adhesion molecules in that they bind to carbohydrate molecules on the surface of cells. Cancer cells are characterized by uncontrolled growth and the ability to invade other tissues. This appears to occur because the cancer cells lose cadherin, which binds cells together. The cells can then detach from the tumor and spread to other tissues. Some skin diseases are a result of improper functioning of the integrins. Some infectious organisms use adhesion molecules to enter cells.

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Blood vessels and blood cells

Article Abstract:

Adhesion molecules on blood vessels and cells are crucial for maintaining blood vessels as well as recruiting immune cells to heal wounds and fight infectious organisms. Molecules known as integrins and selectins allow white blood cells to slip through the blood vessel and travel to the site of an infection. Adhesion molecules are also involved in the movement of blood platelets to the site of a blood vessel injury. Integrins allow the platelets to form a clot in cooperation with fibrin. Many diseases characterized by excessive bleeding result from deficiencies of adhesion molecules.

Molecular biology, Immune response

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Locking a leukocyte integrin with statins

Article Abstract:

The interaction of cholesterol-lowering drugs called statins with cell proteins called integrins has led to the development of a statin-like drug that blocks integrins but does not lower cholesterol. This drug could be used to treat graft-versus-host disease and autoimmune disease.

Research, Anticholesteremic agents, Integrins

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