Antimicrobial Use in Defined Populations of Infants and Young Children

Article Abstract:

Most doctors prescribe antibiotics appropriately in babies and young children. Inappropriate use of antibiotics has been linked to the development of antibiotic resistance in bacteria. Researchers studied the prescribing of antibiotics by doctors in 44 group practices affiliated with two managed care organizations covering 46,477 children over a two-year period. Over half the antibiotics were prescribed for otitis media, which is an ear infection caused by bacteria. However, about 10% of the antibiotics were prescribed for colds and upper respiratory tract infections, which are caused by viruses.

Analysis, Drugs, Antibiotics, Prescription writing, Prescriptions (Drugs)

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Early Newborn Hospital Discharge and Readmission for Mild and Severe Jaundice

Article Abstract:

Newborn babies who are discharged within 30 hours of birth have a slightly higher risk of developing jaundice. Jaundice is a yellowing of the skin that is usually caused by liver dysfunction. In a study of 750 newborn babies who were re-admitted to the hospital because of jaundice and 3,192 newborn babies who were not, early discharge after birth increased the risk of jaundice by about 30%. However, 122 newborn babies would have to be kept in the hospital longer than 30 hours just to avoid one case of jaundice.

Risk factors, Hospital utilization, Hospital stays, Neonatal jaundice, Maternity stays

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Comparing Asthma Care for Medicaid and Non-Medicaid Children in a Health Maintenance Organization

Article Abstract:

Enrolling children with asthma who are covered by Medicaid into an HMO will not necessarily improve the care they receive. In a study of 12,935 children in an HMO, 1,928 were covered by Medicaid. These children were 1.4 times more likely to receive care in a hospital emergency department and 1.3 times more likely to be hospitalized. They were also less likely to receive medications to control their asthma, even though their parents had received a prescription for the medications.

Care and treatment, Asthma in children, Childhood asthma, Poor children

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