Apoptosis in the heart

Article Abstract:

Apoptosis, or programmed cell death, may shed some light on understanding the pathophysiology of heart disease. Although some cardiac patients have evidence of apoptosis, the mechanism of cell death in heart disease is not entirely clear. Inherited dispositions, abnormal cell regulatory functions, the loss of viable muscle cells, and a variety of local factors in the failing heart may be responsible for apoptosis. Identification of these factors may prompt therapeutic interventions, such as blocking the signalling of cell death and preventing apoptosis.

Editorial, Research, Models, Physiological aspects, Heart diseases, Cell death, Cellular control mechanisms, Cell regulation, Cardiology

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Valvular heart disease

Article Abstract:

The prognosis of heart valve disease has improved greatly since the early 1980's. This is due in part to the development of noninvasive ways of measuring heart function, an improvement in the design of artificial valves and the proper timing of surgery. The four major types of valve disease are aortic stenosis, mitral stenosis, aortic regurgitation and mitral regurgitation. The diagnosis and treatment of these conditions is discussed. In the future, surgeons may be able to repair the native valve rather than implanting an artificial valve.

Aortic valve insufficiency, Heart valve diseases, Aortic valve stenosis, Mitral valve stenosis, Mitral valve insufficiency

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Blunt trauma to the heart and great vessels

Article Abstract:

Blunt trauma to the heart is increasingly common as the number of traffic accidents increases. Sudden deceleration can injure the aorta and other blood vessels close to the heart and chest compression can crush the heart itself. All accident victims who have chest pain should have an echocardiogram. Chest X-rays, CT scans, ECGs and cardiac enzyme measurements may also be useful diagnostic tools. Patients who remain in stable condition should be treated with antihypertensive drugs and surgery.

Injuries, Heart, Blunt trauma, Aorta, Thoracic, Thoracic aorta

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