Bacteriologic studies on Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolated in Sapporo, Japan: investigation of beta-lactamase production and auxotypes

Article Abstract:

Neisseria gonorrhoeae is the bacterium that causes gonorrhea, a sexually transmitted disease (STD). Traditionally, this disease has been treated with antibiotics from the penicillin group, but in the past 15 years strains of N. gonorrhoeae that are resistant to these antibiotics have been identified. The resistant strains produce penicillinase which inactivates penicillin; they are known as penicillinase-producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae (PPNG). Various strains of N. gonorrhoeae can be detected by the different amino acids they require for growth; based on different growth requirements, various strains are referred to as auxotypes. Most of the N. gonorrhoeae strains that are highly susceptible to penicillin require the amino acids arginine, hypoxanthine, and uracil (AHU auxotype). Prevalence refers to the number of cases in a population. This study examined the prevalence and changes in the prevalence of various strains of N. gonorrhoeae in Sapporo, Japan during three periods, 1980 to 1985, 1986 to 1987, and 1988 to 1989. The study also examined how various auxotypes reacted to the antibiotic amoxicillin (AMPC). Results showed that the percentage of PPNG strains increased to a peak of 23.9 percent of all the strains isolated in 1985, and then decreased to 6.3 percent of all strains isolated from 1988 to 1989. When auxotypes were examined, the PPNG strains were mainly of two types, one requiring only the amino acid cystine or cysteine for growth (60 percent; proto auxotype) and the other requiring the amino acid proline (40 percent; pro auxotype). For nonPPNG strains, 41.9 percent were proto auxotypes in the 1980 to 1985 period, but only 13.3 percent were proto auxotypes from 1988 to 1989. From 1980 to 1985 only 9.9 percent of these strains were the AHU auxotype; the prevalence of this strain increased to 43.3 percent in 1988 to 1989 period. When sensitivity to AMPC was tested, AHU strains were found to be more susceptible than proto- and pro-strains. These results show that the strains of disease-causing bacteria can vary over time and that, for a fuller understanding of how a disease is spread and what the best treatments are, various markers such as auxotype should be studied. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)

Japan, Antibiotics, Causes of, Drug therapy, Bacterial infections, Dosage and administration

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DNA amplification fingerprinting for subtyping Neisseria gonorrhoeae strains

Article Abstract:

DNA amplification fingerprinting (DAF) appears to be a useful method of identifying different strains of Neisseria (N.) gonorrhoeae for epidemiological studies. N. gonorrhoeae is the organism responsible for gonorrhea. DAF of 70 N. gonorrhoeae isolates was compared with conventional typing methods including antibiotic sensitivity, plasmid profile, auxotyping and serotyping. DAF with two different primers identified 15 and 22 DNA fragments. When the strains were evaluated by a combination of auxotyping, serotyping and plasmid profile, 16 groups were identified. The discriminatory index of each method was similar to that found for DAF. The advantages of DAF are that the test is simple, reproducible and fast. Serotyping with monoclonal antibodies had the best discriminatory index.

Analysis, Evaluation, DNA testing, DNA identification, Gene amplification

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Association Between Auxotypes, Serogroups, and Antibiotic Susceptibilities of Neisseria gonorrhoeae Isolated From Women in Mumbai (Formerly Bombay), India

Article Abstract:

Drug-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae, the bacterium that causes gonorrhea, is increasingly common in India. Researchers tested women at health centers and sexually transmitted disease clinics in Mumbai and collected 33 bacterial isolates. Penicillin resistance was present in 49% of samples, and 85% were resistant to tetracycline. Ciprofloxacin resistance was present in 15% of isolates, and 36% had reduced susceptibility to the antibiotic drug.

India, Health aspects, Statistical Data Included

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