Cardiac morbidity and related mortality in children with HIV infection

Article Abstract:

Adverse cardiac events appear to increase among children infected with HIV as the disease progresses. Heart function was assessed among 81 young children infected with HIV. Elevated heart rate, which was seen in 52 (64%) of the children, was the most common heart abnormality. An abnormally slow heart rate was noted in nine (11%) of the children. Fifteen of the children had high blood pressure, and 16 had low blood pressure. Dysrhythmia, which is an abnormality in the heart rhythm, occurred in 28 (35%) of the children. Seven children experienced cardiac arrest, and eight had congestive heart failure. Heart abnormalities were more severe and more frequent in children with advanced HIV disease. Heart dysfunction was associated with death in 10 of the 37 children who died. Encephalopathy, which is degeneration of the brain, was the strongest predictor of cardiac arrest, and infection with Epstein-Barr virus was the strongest predictor of the development of congestive heart failure.

Health aspects, HIV infection in children, Pediatric HIV infections, Congestive heart failure, Cardiac arrest, Pediatric cardiology, Encephalopathy, Epstein-Barr virus diseases, Cardiac arrest in children

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Female sex and higher drug dose as risk factors for late cardiotoxic effects of doxorubicin therapy for childhood cancer

Article Abstract:

The risk of heart abnormalities caused by doxorubicin in survivors of childhood cancer appears to be highest in females and patients who received higher cumulative doses of the drug. Researchers analyzed electrocardiograms of 62 females and 58 males who had received at least 244 milligrams of doxorubicin per square meter of body-surface area. The patients had been treated for acute lymphoblastic leukemia or osteogenic sarcoma, and their treatment had ended at least 2 years before evaluation. Female patients had weaker heart contractility and lower left ventricular mass than male patients. Patients who had received higher cumulative doses also had abnormal heart function. Longer time since treatment, younger age at diagnosis, and higher doxorubicin dose all increased the risk of thinning of the ventricular walls and reduced mass.

Abnormalities, Heart, Cardiovascular abnormalities, Doxorubicin

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Incidence, causes and outcomes of dilated cardiomyopathy in children

Article Abstract:

Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is the most common form of cardiomyopathy in children and its incidence, causes and outcomes were studied with the help of data from 2 cohorts of children with primary DCM. It is reported that there was a higher risk in boys than in girls, in African American than in white children and in infants than in children. The important identifiable causes were myocarditis and neuromuscular disease and outcomes were influenced by age, heart failure status at diagnosis and cause.

Patient outcomes, Diagnosis, Causes of, Children, Child health, Cardiomyopathy, Dilated, Congestive cardiomyopathy, Disease/Disorder overview

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