Clinical preventive services efficacy and adolescents' risky behaviors

Article Abstract:

Preventing the consequences of risky behavior in adolescents by counseling may only be measurable in large populations. Researchers selected two common risk behaviors, unsafe sexual practices and alcohol abuse, and five typical health consequences. The consequences were HIV infection, sexually transmitted diseases, pregnancy, car crash, and death from a car accident. Over 5 years, teenagers between 15 and 19 years old would receive up to three annual counseling sessions. Counseling that prevents adverse outcomes in 5.6% of the cases would be considered effective according to this model. However, the anticipated costs of preventing an outcome could be as high as $8 million. During a 5-year period, the counseling program would prevent hundreds of adverse consequences. Since measurable intervention effects would require 28,000 to 95 million participants per group, however, such program intervention would not be feasible.

Health aspects, Economic aspects, Youth, Medical care utilization, Risk factors (Health), Preventive health services, Preventive medicine

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Parents' Utilities for Outcomes of Occult Bacteremia

Article Abstract:

Diagnostic procedures by pediatricians presented with a child who has a fever but no localized infection vary widely, ranging from those who will order a test of urine and nothing more to screening the white blood cell count and preparing antibiotic therapies. The child's family often has an influence on which tests will be done. Probabilities suggest the possibility of pneumococcal bacteremia for which the risk is small (3%), but which may lead to meningitis. More likely is streptococcus pneumoniae, which often resolves by itself and does not lead to meningitis.

Causes of, Medical tests, Fever in children, Childhood fever

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Outpatient Treatment of Croup With Nebulized Dexamethasone

Article Abstract:

Outpatient treatment with nebulized dexamethasone may improve the symptoms of moderate croup in children, but routine use of this therapy cannot yet be recommended. Researchers compared 28 children treated with the corticosteroid drug and 27 children treated with saline (the control group). Symptoms of respiratory obstruction and distress improved more significantly in four hours in the drug-treated patients. Dexamethasone therapy did not significantly reduce the rate of hospitalization, and two immunocompromised patients developed infectious complications.

United States, Statistical Data Included, Evaluation, Drug therapy, Ambulatory medical care, Ambulatory care, Dexamethasone, Croup

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