Diagnostic considerations in music related syndromes

Article Abstract:

The two most common types of medical disorder seen in professional musicians are overuse syndromes such as tendonitis (inflammation of connective tissue between muscle and bone), and entrapment syndromes involving neurological symptoms, such as carpal tunnel syndrome. The latter result from excessive pressure on a nerve or blood vessel. Physicians must be aware of these occupational hazards and the anxiety that can be suffered by a musician who is threatened with the loss of income or career. Overuse syndrome results in an impairment of technique; repetitive movements over long periods of time can lead to pain, or a loss of accuracy due to weakness without pain. Different instruments seem to have different effects, and therefore diagnosis should include examination while the patient is playing the instrument. Entrapment syndromes are neurological in nature and occur when nerves or blood vessels are compressed. The most common is carpal tunnel syndrome, involving the median nerve at the wrist, which is compressed. Pain, paralysis, weakness, and clumsiness are all symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome and other entrapment disorders. Nutritional deficiency, especially of vitamin B-6, may play a role as well. These two types of syndrome, entrapment syndrome and chronic overuse syndrome, should be considered when musicians are evaluated. Diagnosis can be facilitated if examination can take place while the patient plays his or her instrument; diet and environmental factors should be considered; and psychological components of the disorder should be addressed. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)

Care and treatment, Methods, Causes of, Occupational diseases, Repetition strain injury, Cumulative trauma disorders, Musicians, Carpal tunnel syndrome, Diagnosis, Entrapment neuropathies, Nerve compression syndromes

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Incidence of dementia and Alzheimer's disease: a reanalysis of data from Rochester, Minnesota, 1975-1984

Article Abstract:

Novel analysis of Minnesota incidence rates on Dementia and Alzheimer's disease offers an update on demographic factors. Firstly, age-specific incidence rates for both men and women were similar, dispelling hormonal or social gender effects. Secondly, dementia and Alzheimer's disease steadily increase after age 84. Thirdly, the incidence rates of both diseases remain stable over time. These findings are of importance for further research.

Research, Demographic aspects, Dementia, Alzheimer's disease, Age factors in disease, Disease age factors, Rochester, Minnesota

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