Fetal oxytocin and its extended forms at term with and without labor

Article Abstract:

Labor appears to affect blood levels of preprocessed and completely processed oxytocin. Oxytocin stimulates uterine contractions and is made by the fetus and placenta as well as by the maternal pituitary. Blood samples were collected from the umbilical cord vein and artery immediately after vaginal birth in 26 women and after cesarean delivery prior to labor in 13 women. Overall, the preprocessed form predominated. However, the average concentration of preprocessed oxytocin was 37 picagrams per milliliter in infants delivered before labor versus 17 picagrams per milliliter in those delivered after labor. The concentration of processed oxytocin was 5 to 7 picagrams per milliliter in both groups.

Analysis, Measurement, Fetal blood, Oxytocin

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Progesterone up-regulates vasodilator effects of calcitonin gene-related peptide in NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester-induced hypertension

Article Abstract:

Progesterone may enhance the blood vessel-dilating properties of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in hypertensive rats. Researchers analyzed the effect of CGRP in rats with induced hypertension in the presence and absence of progesterone and pregnancy. CGRP counteracted the increase in blood pressure caused by NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) in the presence of progesterone. Neither CGRP nor progesterone alone was effective at reducing hypertension. CGRP may be effective at reducing hypertension during pregnancy, when progesterone levels are increased, but not in the post partum period or in rats with removed ovaries, conditions with low progesterone levels.

Blood vessels, Hypertension in pregnancy, Gestational hypertension, Vasodilation, Calcitonin

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Reduced binding of progesterone receptor to its nuclear response element after human labor onset

Article Abstract:

There is a nine-fold decrease in the binding of the progesterone receptor to DNA during human labor. This reduced action of progesterone on DNA is one of the causes of labor in humans, just as it is in animals.

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