Gonococcal susceptibility to antimicrobials in Baltimore, 1988-1994: what was the impact of ciprofloxacin as first-line therapy for gonorrhea?

Article Abstract:

The emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae may not be as straightforward a matter as previously thought. It has been thought that resistant strains of the gonorrhea organism arise in response to increased use of an antibiotic. Researchers tracked the percentage of antibiotic-resistant Neisseria gonorrhea strains from 1,846 samples collected from infected persons in Baltimore between 1988 and 1994. In 1989, ceftriaxone and ciprofloxacin became the treatment of choice for gonorrhea. Over 90% of patients also were treated with a tetracycline for Chlamydia infection. The resistance to penicillin and tetracycline increased from 22% to 46% in 1992 and fell to 20% in 1994 despite tetracycline use. The percentage of organisms whose resistance originated chromosomally varied from 3% to 10%. Resistance to ceftriaxone increased fourfold to 1992 and fell to 1988 values by 1994. Resistance to ciprofloxacin remained constant.

Analysis, Anti-infective agents, Drug therapy, Drug resistance in microorganisms, Microbial drug resistance, Ciprofloxacin

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Early intervention for human immunodeficiency virus in Baltimore sexually transmitted diseases clinics: impact on gonorrhea incidence in patients infected with HIV

Article Abstract:

Medical care and social services combined with HIV counseling after HIV testing may result in a reduction of high-risk sexual behaviors that decreases the incidence of gonorrhea. Researchers compared medical records of 608 HIV-positive patients who received posttest counseling with 549 HIV-positive patients who were counseled and who were offered an early intervention program consisting of medical care and social work services. Slightly more than half (57%) came back for at least one early intervention visit. The early intervention program seemed to be associated with a decrease in gonorrhea rates among HIV-positive men.

Sexually transmitted diseases, Services, Prevention, HIV patients, Sexually transmitted disease prevention

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Screening for gonorrhea and chlamydia by DNA amplification in adolescents attending middle school health centers: opportunity for early intervention

Article Abstract:

Sexually active teenage girls should be offered regular screening tests for chlamydia and gonorrhea. Researchers examined sexually transmitted disease rates among 213 middle-school students attending campus medical clinics. Chlamydia was diagnosed in 16% of girls and 2% of boys, and gonorrhea was diagnosed in 11% of girls and 2% of boys. Many girls were infected with both sexually transmitted diseases, and more than 86% of infected girls had no symptoms of disease. Twice-annual testing of girls, who can suffer permanent injury from untreated infection, would improve their health.

Diseases, Teenagers, Youth, Medical screening, Health screening, Chlamydia infections

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