Blastocyst transfer: a useful tool for reduction of high-order multiple gestations in a human assisted reproduction program

Article Abstract:

Using blastocysts instead of 8-cell embryos during in vitro fertilization can allow doctors to implant fewer embryos, which in turn can reduce the number of multiple pregnancies. Most doctors implant more than one 8-cell embryo to ensure that one will survive. A blastocyst is a more advanced embryonic stage that is more likely to survive.

Care and treatment, Innovations, Infertility, Female, Female infertility

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Partial dissection of the zona pellucida of frozen-thawed human embryos may enhance blastocyst hatching, implantation, and pregnancy rates

Article Abstract:

The human zona pellucida is a structure consisting of carbohydrate and protein that surrounds the unfertilized egg and embryo. This structure enhances the binding of a single sperm to the egg and prevents attachment of additional sperm. It may also serve as a physical barrier to protect the egg and embryo from immunological, physical, or biochemical damage. The role of the zona pellucida has become more important since the development of artificial fertilization techniques. The zona pellucida must be penetrated to allow the sperm to come into contact with the egg. Holes that have been made in the zona pellucida of fertilized eggs for purposes of genetic analysis have not prevented live births. It was suggested that a hole in the zona pellucida may help the embryo to shed its zona pellucida structure when it implants in the uterus during in vitro fertilization. In vitro fertilization is the fertilization of the egg outside of the female genital tract, usually in a test tube. This is then followed by placement of the fertilized egg back into the uterus. The effect of partially dissecting the zona pellucida of fertilized eggs on the success of implantation in the uterus was assessed. Of 65 attempts at implantation, 32 involved partial dissection of the zona pellucida (also referred to as assisted hatching). Implantation of the embryo into the uterus was successful in 16 percent of embryos treated by assisted hatching and in 9 percent of untreated embryos. Larger study groups are needed to confirm the benefits of assisted hatching in improving implantation rates for in vitro fertilization. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)

Methods, Physiological aspects, Human embryo, Fertilization in vitro, Zona pellucida, Human embryo transplantation

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Multiple pregnancy rate and embryo number transferred during in vitro fertilization

Article Abstract:

Women undergoing in vitro fertilization with multiple embryos implanted simultaneously may be at increased risk for multiple births. The multiple birth rate in 734 successfully implanted pregnancies was analyzed in reference to the number of embryos implanted. The multiple birth rate rose significantly with two or three implanted embryos but more than three embryos did not significantly increase the multiple birth risk. Of the 31.3% overall multiple births, 0.8% were quadruplets, 5.8% were triplets, and 24.7% were twins.

Health aspects, Risk factors, Pregnancy, Multiple, Multiple pregnancy

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